Australian Wildlife
Spiders

This page contains photos of spiders including golden and orb-weaving, redback, huntsman, leaf, wolf, net casting, st andrews cross, tree and jumping spiders.

Click on thumbnail images to see a larger picture.

Small Spiders.

PAGE INDEX
Small Spiders
Orb Weaving Spiders
Hunting Spiders
Lattice Web Spiders
Comb Footed Spiders
Primitive Spiders

Horned Spider (Genus cyclosa)

This very small spider with a body of about 2 to 3 mm long, lives in a community. They can usually be seen doing their thing on the outer edges of a larger spider's web. I found this one on a Golden Orb Weaving web.

Horned Spiders are aptly named because of their horn shaped body.

Silver Spider (Argyrodes antipodianus)

Named after their shiny silver abdomen, these tiny spiders rarely grow more than 2 or 3 millimeters long. Their body is so shiny, it shows up as a fuzzy light ball if I use the camera's flash on them.

The silver spider also lives on another spider's web. I found this one and several like it on an orb weaver's web.

Jumping Spider (Salticidae.)

This very small spider, usually with a body length from 5 to 10 mm, is a constant hunter. They roam everywhere and can be found on trees or fences, in the garden or buildings. Most of the time they are undetected because of their size and speed of movement.

Jumping spiders (Salties) are aptly named because of their habit of jumping from one location to another. They are non-aggressive and I sometimes find them on my arms and legs when cleaning up the garden.

Lynx Spider (Oxyopes species.)

I found this little spider roaming the kitchen walls. I probably would not have noticed it if it had not moved.

The spider had a body length of 6 mm and an overall length of approximately 25 mm (1 inch).

This spider had the longest phalps I've ever seen. I first thought it had ten legs.

My interest in spiders is the result of buying a digital camera with high quality lens that are capable of taking close-up photos.

I discovered that spiders make interesting subjects and their small size a challenge to the camera and my ability.

Most of the details on these pages are derived from my own experience or from other web sites.

The information herein and on other spider pages may or may not be correct and advice should be sought before using the data or following any suggestions.

Flower or Crab Spider. (Thomisidae species.)

Crab spider's four front legs are noticeably larger and more powerful than the rear four legs. This variety also has a unique V shaped abdomen and is about 8 mm long.

I thought it was watching me when taking the photo, but it had its eyes on another spider that crawled between us just as I clicked the shutter. I didn't wait around to see who had who for dinner.

Sac Spider (Cheiracanthium species)

This pair of spiders made their home on one of my cauliflower plants. I was in the middle of doing something else when I found them and only had time for a quick shot.

I tried to entice both spiders out of the sac, but the pale one would not move. I assume they are a pair because after I put away my camera, the darker one returned to the sac. It had a body length of approx 8 to 10 mm.

Orb Weaving Spiders.

Golden Orb Spider (Tetragnathidae Nephila ssp.)

The Golden Orb spider builds a large, vertical web suspended between branches of trees or fence posts. It also has additional threads fore and aft to protect it while sitting in the centre of the web.

Golden Orb spiders have a small body and head compared to their large abdomen. They also have long legs allowing them to move quickly and find cover among the nearby bushes.

Saint Andrew's Cross (Argiope Keyserlingi)

Named after the way they wait with legs placed in pairs and positioned diagonally at the centre of their web. Additional web is placed diagonally forming a large "cross" two or three times the size of the spider. It makes the spider look much larger and is probably designed to protect it from birds or other predators.

Saint Andrew's Cross spiders are harmless to humans and drop to the ground if disturbed.

Silver Orb Spider (Leucage dromedaria.)

This is a rather pretty spider with light green legs and dark green head. It has a silver-multicoloured abdomen that looks spectacular in the sunlight.

It is another member of the orb weaving family of spiders and builds a 30 to 40 cm circular web usually about half a metre above ground. It can be found in long grass in the bush or among plants in domestic gardens.

Garden Orb Spider (Eriophora transmarina.)

A hairy spider with a distinctive marked and shaped abdomen. It builds a large 60 to 80cm circular web, two metres above ground. The spider usually hides during the day and repairs or rebuilds its web each night.

Garden Orb spider webs can be found suspended between trees or shrubs where there is hardly any human or animal traffic. Babies from the same nest can vary in colour from red to dark brown. They bite hard and strong, typically causing mild local pain for 30 minutes, atypically 3-4 hours strong pain.

Leaf Curling Spider (Phonognatha graeffei.)

Leaf curling spiders have similar habits to the hermit crab. That's because they build a home from discarded materials such as leaves, hollow twigs or empty snail shells. Anything that can be suspended on its web to provide shelter and protection is a possibility.

Leaf curling spiders are very timid and prefer to hide in their makeshift home with only two or four legs protruding to feel for any vibrations caused by something being caught in the web.

Two Spined Spider (Poecilopachys australasiae.)

Another spider that is a member of the orb weaving family.

One noticeable point of interest is the broad strip in his web that is very similar to the ones constructed by the St Andrew's Cross spider.

The two "horns" or "spines" on the front of the spider's abdomen look like two large eyes.

Jewelled Spider Austracantha (Gasteracantha) minax

This rather pretty little spider has larger spikes on the back of its abdomen.

Jewelled spiders are one of the smaller orb weavers. This one had a body length of about 12 mm.

Hunting Spiders.

Net Casting Spider (Deinopis Avella.)

These spiders weave a small web that resembles a fishing net. They make use of their long legs to cast the net over their prey. The sticky web traps the prey long enough for the spider to move in and make the kill.

According to the Queensland Museum, there are no records of anyone being bitten by a Net Casting spider.

Trap-Door Spider (Misgolas)

The Trap-door spider gets its name from its nest. It is a ground dweller and digs a vertical burrow. For security from rain or predators, the spider constructs a web-hinged lid that forms a "trap-door".

Trap-door spider nests are easily found on bare ground. If the door is open, it is most likely the owner is out hunting. It is not uncommon to see a spider dragging food to the burrow then closing the trap door before dinner.

Wolf Spider (Lycosidae Lycosa spp.)

Another ground dwelling spider that hunts for food rather than build a web. It has a highly decorative body that makes it easy to identify. The female can often be seen carry a dozen or so young ones on her back.

Wolf spiders are non-aggressive and will try to hide if disturbed. Their bite is mostly only a concern for small children or people with allergies or sensitive skin. However, the Queensland Museum reports that one species of Wolf spider is known to have killed an adult cane toad.

Huntsman Spider (Heteropoda jugulans)

Huntsman are known to travel long distances in search of food. They have a very low profile body allowing them to fit under rocks or logs and through narrow crevices.

Huntsman spiders can be found in the home, bush and gardens, searching for food rather than building a web. They are very timid and will tried to hide if provoked.

Huntsman spiders will bite so leave them alone and they will help control the insects, beetles and other bugs in your garden and home.

White Tail Spider (Lampona cylindrata)

A medium size, all black spider with a white patch at the base of the abdomen. This spider was once included on high toxic list, but recent studies indicate it is not as harmful as first claimed. Its bite is painful and it is one of the few spiders that bites repeatedly.

This narrow spider is found in the bush and in gardens where it is not easily seen. It also comes indoors looking for food. Their main diet is other spiders.

Lattice Web Spiders.

Black House Spider (Badumna insignis)

The common black house spider (also known as the window spider) can be found in almost every type of building. They make use of window frames, awnings, rain water guttering and down-pipe fittings to construct their webs. House spiders happily live along side humans and animals so long as they are not disturbed.

The male has a length of 10-12 mm and the female 16-20 mm. Black house spiders are venomous and should either be completely removed or left alone. Their bite is said to cause nausea, sweating and pain.

Brown Tree Spider (Phryganoporus candidus.) Family: Desidae

A close cousin to the black house spider except they are brown and usually live outside in trees and bushes. Their web is also similar in construction with lattice supports and two funnel shaped entrances.

This spider lives in an African Juniper tree in our front yard. There are several of them in those trees as well as other shrubs and hanging basket plants. They hide just inside one of the entrances and quickly run out if anything becomes entangled in the web.

Comb Footed Spiders.

Brown Widow Spider (Lactrodectus geometricus)

This spider is the same species as the Redback. It is smaller, usually growing to a maximum of 10 mm. The Brown Widow lives in a similar habitat to its cousin, but may also be found in less secure locations in and around the house. It has a unique spiky egg sack.

The Brown Widow is sometimes mistaken for a money spider that is supposed to bring wealth to anyone it crawls upon. Unfortunately, this spider is venomous and its bite is said to cause mild to severe local and generalized pain. According to the Queensland Museuim, Redback antivenom is an effective treatment.

Red Back Spider (Lactrodectus mactans hasselti) Family: Theridiidae

Australian version of the Black Widow spiders that live in temperate zones around the world. Female Red Backs grow to 12 mm and the male to 3 mm. Red-backs are capable of withstanding extreme temperatures and can live in an empty metal can or under a sheet of iron that is too hot from the sun to touch by hand.

Redbacks are non-aggressive unless threatened and most bites are due to accidental contact. The female with a shiny dark or black body and bright red stripe makes her look as dangerous as she is. Don't poke your fingers into places where you cannot see. 13 fatalities were recorded as due to Redback bites prior to 1980.

Primitive Spiders.

Mouse spider (Actinopodidae Missulena spp.)

The all-black female Mouse spider has a larger body than the male which has a red head and fangs. They both have very toxic venom and are capable of giving a deep, painful bite.

The female Mouse spider is often mistaken for a Funnel Web. They have similar features and bad habits and look alike at first glance. The female Mouse spider is bigger than her cousin, and proportionally has a larger head and fangs. The spinnerets at the base of a Funnel Web's abdomen are much longer than those on the Mouse spider.

Male Mouse spiders and Funnel Webs will roam around looking for a female to mate. They are all highly resistant to spray pesticides and removal is best left to a pest controller.

I've not found any Funnel Webs or Mouse spiders in my yard.

Funnel-web spider (Mygalomorps Atrax)

There are several varieties, the best known is the Sydney Funnel-web (A. robustus). Funnel webs are Australia's and said to be one of the World's most deadliest spiders. They are quick to defend themselves and will rear up exposing their long, deadly fangs if confronted.

Funnel-webs are a ground dwelling spider and named after the distinctive funnel shaped entrance to their nest. There is also a larger tree variety ( A. formidabilis) that ranges from the Hunter Valley in NSW to SE Qld.

Female Funnel-webs have a larger body and shorter legs than the male which can be identified by the spur on the second pair of legs.

All photos on this page were taken using a Panasonic Lumix FZ20 and FZ50 digital camera.

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Australian Wildlife Spiders